仔细构建和介绍了一系列包含文本和数字的页面，这些页面是一系列页面，并仔细构建并呈现，以便将知识最佳地转移给学生。先前在多媒体和心理学方面的研究将演讲的有效性归因于其多模式的性质。为了开发AI的一步，以帮助学生学习作为智能教师助理，我们将多模式演讲演示文稿数据集作为大规模的基准测试，以测试机器学习模型在多模式了解教育内容的能力。我们的数据集包含一个对齐的幻灯片和口语，用于180多个小时的视频和9000多个幻灯片，其中10位来自各种主题的讲师（例如，计算机科学，牙科，生物学）。我们介绍了两项研究任务，它们被设计为对AI代理商的垫脚石，这些阶梯可以解释（自动为演讲演示字幕），并说明（综合视觉图形以伴随口语解释）教育内容。我们提供手动注释，以帮助执行这两项研究任务并评估其最新模型。比较基线和人类学生的表现，我们发现当前模型在（1）幻灯片和口语文本之间的较弱的跨模式对齐中挣扎，（2）学习新颖的视觉介质，（3）技术语言和（4）（4）远程序列。为了解决这个问题，我们还引入了Polyvilt，这是一种多模式变压器，经过多种模式的学习损失，比目前的方法更有效。最后，我们阐明了对教育演示的多模式理解的挑战和机遇。

Our experience of the world is multimodal -we see objects, hear sounds, feel texture, smell odors, and taste flavors. Modality refers to the way in which something happens or is experienced and a research problem is characterized as multimodal when it includes multiple such modalities. In order for Artificial Intelligence to make progress in understanding the world around us, it needs to be able to interpret such multimodal signals together. Multimodal machine learning aims to build models that can process and relate information from multiple modalities. It is a vibrant multi-disciplinary field of increasing importance and with extraordinary potential. Instead of focusing on specific multimodal applications, this paper surveys the recent advances in multimodal machine learning itself and presents them in a common taxonomy. We go beyond the typical early and late fusion categorization and identify broader challenges that are faced by multimodal machine learning, namely: representation, translation, alignment, fusion, and co-learning. This new taxonomy will enable researchers to better understand the state of the field and identify directions for future research.

Foundation models are redefining how AI systems are built. Practitioners now follow a standard procedure to build their machine learning solutions: download a copy of a foundation model, and fine-tune it using some in-house data about the target task of interest. Consequently, the Internet is swarmed by a handful of foundation models fine-tuned on many diverse tasks. Yet, these individual fine-tunings often lack strong generalization and exist in isolation without benefiting from each other. In our opinion, this is a missed opportunity, as these specialized models contain diverse features. Based on this insight, we propose model recycling, a simple strategy that leverages multiple fine-tunings of the same foundation model on diverse auxiliary tasks, and repurposes them as rich and diverse initializations for the target task. Specifically, model recycling fine-tunes in parallel each specialized model on the target task, and then averages the weights of all target fine-tunings into a final model. Empirically, we show that model recycling maximizes model diversity by benefiting from diverse auxiliary tasks, and achieves a new state of the art on the reference DomainBed benchmark for out-of-distribution generalization. Looking forward, model recycling is a contribution to the emerging paradigm of updatable machine learning where, akin to open-source software development, the community collaborates to incrementally and reliably update machine learning models.

We present Masked Audio-Video Learners (MAViL) to train audio-visual representations. Our approach learns with three complementary forms of self-supervision: (1) reconstruction of masked audio and video input data, (2) intra- and inter-modal contrastive learning with masking, and (3) self-training by reconstructing joint audio-video contextualized features learned from the first two objectives. Pre-training with MAViL not only enables the model to perform well in audio-visual classification and retrieval tasks but also improves representations of each modality in isolation, without using information from the other modality for fine-tuning or inference. Empirically, MAViL sets a new state-of-the-art on AudioSet (53.1 mAP) and VGGSound (67.1% accuracy). For the first time, a self-supervised audio-visual model outperforms ones that use external supervision on these benchmarks. Code will be available soon.

Athletes routinely undergo fitness evaluations to evaluate their training progress. Typically, these evaluations require a trained professional who utilizes specialized equipment like force plates. For the assessment, athletes perform drop and squat jumps, and key variables are measured, e.g. velocity, flight time, and time to stabilization, to name a few. However, amateur athletes may not have access to professionals or equipment that can provide these assessments. Here, we investigate the feasibility of estimating key variables using video recordings. We focus on jump velocity as a starting point because it is highly correlated with other key variables and is important for determining posture and lower-limb capacity. We find that velocity can be estimated with a high degree of precision across a range of athletes, with an average R-value of 0.71 (SD = 0.06).

The goal of autonomous vehicles is to navigate public roads safely and comfortably. To enforce safety, traditional planning approaches rely on handcrafted rules to generate trajectories. Machine learning-based systems, on the other hand, scale with data and are able to learn more complex behaviors. However, they often ignore that agents and self-driving vehicle trajectory distributions can be leveraged to improve safety. In this paper, we propose modeling a distribution over multiple future trajectories for both the self-driving vehicle and other road agents, using a unified neural network architecture for prediction and planning. During inference, we select the planning trajectory that minimizes a cost taking into account safety and the predicted probabilities. Our approach does not depend on any rule-based planners for trajectory generation or optimization, improves with more training data and is simple to implement. We extensively evaluate our method through a realistic simulator and show that the predicted trajectory distribution corresponds to different driving profiles. We also successfully deploy it on a self-driving vehicle on urban public roads, confirming that it drives safely without compromising comfort. The code for training and testing our model on a public prediction dataset and the video of the road test are available at https://woven.mobi/safepathnet

Climate change is expected to aggravate wildfire activity through the exacerbation of fire weather. Improving our capabilities to anticipate wildfires on a global scale is of uttermost importance for mitigating their negative effects. In this work, we create a global fire dataset and demonstrate a prototype for predicting the presence of global burned areas on a sub-seasonal scale with the use of segmentation deep learning models. Particularly, we present an open-access global analysis-ready datacube, which contains a variety of variables related to the seasonal and sub-seasonal fire drivers (climate, vegetation, oceanic indices, human-related variables), as well as the historical burned areas and wildfire emissions for 2001-2021. We train a deep learning model, which treats global wildfire forecasting as an image segmentation task and skillfully predicts the presence of burned areas 8, 16, 32 and 64 days ahead of time. Our work motivates the use of deep learning for global burned area forecasting and paves the way towards improved anticipation of global wildfire patterns.

可识别表示学习的理论旨在构建通用方法，从低水平的感觉数据中提取高级潜在（因果）因素。大多数现有的作品都集中在可识别的表示学习中，并依赖于对潜在因素（因果）因素的分配假设。但是，实际上，我们通常还可以访问用于表示学习的介入数据。我们如何利用介入数据来帮助识别高级潜在的潜伏期？为此，我们探讨了在这项工作中可识别的代表学习中介入数据的作用。我们研究潜在因果因素在没有介入数据的情况下，在未介入数据的情况下，在最小的分布假设上。我们证明，如果真实的潜在变量通过多项式函数映射到观察到的高维数据，则通过最小化自动装饰器的标准重建损失来表示学习，将确定真正的潜在潜在的潜在潜在转化。如果我们进一步访问了由硬$ $ do $ $干预产生的干预数据，那么我们就可以识别出这些干预潜在的潜在潜在的潜在潜在的潜在潜在的潜在潜在的潜伏期。

本文描述了对象目标导航任务的框架，该任务要求机器人从随机的启动位置查找并移至目标对象类的最接近实例。该框架使用机器人轨迹的历史记录来学习空间关系图（SRG）和图形卷积网络（GCN）基于基于不同语义标记区域的可能性以及这些区域不同对象类别的发生的可能性。为了在评估过程中定位目标对象实例，机器人使用贝叶斯推理和SRG估计可见区域，并使用学习的GCN嵌入来对可见区域进行排名，并选择接下来的区域。

拆分计算已成为实现基于DNN的AI工作负载的最新范例，其中DNN模型分为两个部分，其中一个是在移动/客户端设备上执行的，另一部分是在边缘服务器（或cloud）上执行的。 。数据压缩适用于需要传输的DNN的中间张量，以应对优化速率准确性复杂性权衡的挑战。现有的拆分计算方法采用基于ML的数据压缩，但要求将整个DNN模型的参数（或其中的大部分）用于不同的压缩级别。这会产生高的计算和存储负担：训练从头开始的完整DNN模型在计算上是要求的，维持DNN参数的多个副本会增加存储要求，并在推断期间切换全套权重增加内存带宽。在本文中，我们提出了一种解决所有这些挑战的方法。它涉及瓶颈单元的系统设计和训练 - 简单，低成本的神经网络 - 可以在分裂点插入。与现有方法相比，在训练和推理期间，在训练和推理期间，高效和储存额的一小部分，我们的方法都非常轻巧。